F white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 481: 463468. doi:ten.1038/nature10777. 11. Roca-Rivada A, Castelao C, Senin LL, Landrove MO, Baltar J, et al. FNDC5/Irisin Just isn’t Only a Myokine but also an Adipokine. PLoS A single 8: e60563. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060563. 12. van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Vanhommerig JW, Smulders NM, Drossaerts JMAFL, Kemerink GJ, et al. Cold-Activated Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthful Guys. N Engl J Med 360: 15001508. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0808718. 13. Chartoumpekis DV, Habeos IG, Ziros PG, Psyrogiannis AI, Kyriazopoulou VE, et al. Brown adipose tissue responds to cold and adrenergic stimulation by induction of FGF21. Mol Med 17: 736740. doi:10.2119/molmed.2011.00075. 14. Cypess AM, Chen YC, Sze C, Wang K, English J, et al. Cold but not sympathomimetics activates human brown adipose tissue in vivo. get TA02 Proceedings of 15. the National Academy of Sciences 109: 1000110005. doi:10.1073/ pnas.1207911109. Miura S, Kawanaka K, Kai Y, Tamura M, Goto M, et al. A rise in Murine Skeletal Muscle Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Coactivator-1alpha mRNA in Response to Physical exercise Is Mediated by BetaAdrenergic Receptor Activation. Endocrinology 148: 34413448. doi:ten.1210/ en.2006-1646. Kim KH, Kim SH, Min Y-K, Yang H-M, Lee J-B, et al. Acute Exercise Induces FGF21 Expression in Mice and in Wholesome Humans. PLoS One 8: e63517. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063517. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and workout. Metab Clin Exp 61: 17251738. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002. Cuevas-Ramos D, Almeda-Valdes P, Meza-Arana CE, Brito-Cordova G, Gomez-Perez FJ, et al. Physical exercise increases serum fibroblast growth element 21 levels. PLoS A single 7: e38022. doi:ten.1371/journal.pone.0038022. Peltonen GL, Scalzo RL, Schweder MM, Larson DG, Luckasen GJ, et al. Sympathetic inhibition attenuates hypoxia induced insulin resistance in wholesome adult humans. J Physiol 590: 28012809. doi:ten.1113/jphysiol. 2011.227090. Richards JC, Johnson TK, Kuzma JN, Lonac MC, Schweder MM, et al. Short-term sprint interval training increases insulin sensitivity in healthier adults but does not affect the thermogenic response to b-adrenergic stimulation. J Physiol 588: 29612972. Newsom SA, Richards JC, Johnson TK, Kuzma JN, Lonac MC, et al. Short-term sympathoadrenal inhibition augments the thermogenic response to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation. J Endocrinol 206: 307315. doi:10.1677/ JOE-10-0152. Schwartz RS, Jaeger LF, Veith RC The thermic impact of feeding in older guys: the importance from the sympathetic nervous system. Metab Clin Exp 39: 733737. Bell C Pigment Epithelium-Derived Issue: A Not So Sympathetic Regulator of Insulin Resistance Exercise and Sport Sciences Critiques 39: 187 190. doi:ten.1097/JES.0b013e31822673f0. Virtanen KA, Lidell ME, Orava J, Heglind M, Westergren R, et al. Functional Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthy Adults. N Engl J Med 360: 1518 1525. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0808949. Soderlund V, Larsson SA, Jacobsson H 50-14-6 Reduction of FDG uptake in brown adipose tissue in clinical sufferers by a single dose of propranolol. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 34: 10181022. doi:10.1007/s00259-006-0318-9. 16. 15857111 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. six FGF21 & Irisin: SNS Control & Workout Impact 26. Pilegaard H, Saltin B, Neufer PD Workout induces transient transcriptional activation o.F white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 481: 463468. doi:ten.1038/nature10777. 11. Roca-Rivada A, Castelao C, Senin LL, Landrove MO, Baltar J, et al. FNDC5/Irisin Will not be Only a Myokine but also an Adipokine. PLoS A single 8: e60563. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060563. 12. van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Vanhommerig JW, Smulders NM, Drossaerts JMAFL, Kemerink GJ, et al. Cold-Activated Brown Adipose Tissue in Healthier Men. N Engl J Med 360: 15001508. doi:ten.1056/NEJMoa0808718. 13. Chartoumpekis DV, Habeos IG, Ziros PG, Psyrogiannis AI, Kyriazopoulou VE, et al. Brown adipose tissue responds to cold and adrenergic stimulation by induction of FGF21. Mol Med 17: 736740. doi:ten.2119/molmed.2011.00075. 14. Cypess AM, Chen YC, Sze C, Wang K, English J, et al. Cold but not sympathomimetics activates human brown adipose tissue in vivo. Proceedings of 15. the National Academy of Sciences 109: 1000110005. doi:10.1073/ pnas.1207911109. Miura S, Kawanaka K, Kai Y, Tamura M, Goto M, et al. A rise in Murine Skeletal Muscle Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Coactivator-1alpha mRNA in Response to Exercise Is Mediated by BetaAdrenergic Receptor Activation. Endocrinology 148: 34413448. doi:ten.1210/ en.2006-1646. Kim KH, Kim SH, Min Y-K, Yang H-M, Lee J-B, et al. Acute Workout Induces FGF21 Expression in Mice and in Healthy Humans. PLoS One eight: e63517. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063517. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight reduction and physical exercise. Metab Clin Exp 61: 17251738. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002. Cuevas-Ramos D, Almeda-Valdes P, Meza-Arana CE, Brito-Cordova G, Gomez-Perez FJ, et al. Exercising increases serum fibroblast development issue 21 levels. PLoS One particular 7: e38022. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038022. Peltonen GL, Scalzo RL, Schweder MM, Larson DG, Luckasen GJ, et al. Sympathetic inhibition attenuates hypoxia induced insulin resistance in healthful adult humans. J Physiol 590: 28012809. doi:ten.1113/jphysiol. 2011.227090. Richards JC, Johnson TK, Kuzma JN, Lonac MC, Schweder MM, et al. Short-term sprint interval education increases insulin sensitivity in wholesome adults but doesn’t have an effect on the thermogenic response to b-adrenergic stimulation. J Physiol 588: 29612972. Newsom SA, Richards JC, Johnson TK, Kuzma JN, Lonac MC, et al. Short-term sympathoadrenal inhibition augments the thermogenic response to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation. J Endocrinol 206: 307315. doi:ten.1677/ JOE-10-0152. Schwartz RS, Jaeger LF, Veith RC The thermic impact of feeding in older men: the value in the sympathetic nervous program. Metab Clin Exp 39: 733737. Bell C Pigment Epithelium-Derived Aspect: A Not So Sympathetic Regulator of Insulin Resistance Exercise and Sport Sciences Testimonials 39: 187 190. doi:ten.1097/JES.0b013e31822673f0. Virtanen KA, Lidell ME, Orava J, Heglind M, Westergren R, et al. Functional Brown Adipose Tissue in Wholesome Adults. N Engl J Med 360: 1518 1525. doi:ten.1056/NEJMoa0808949. Soderlund V, Larsson SA, Jacobsson H Reduction of FDG uptake in brown adipose tissue in clinical sufferers by a single dose of propranolol. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 34: 10181022. doi:10.1007/s00259-006-0318-9. 16. 15857111 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 6 FGF21 & Irisin: SNS Control & Exercising Effect 26. Pilegaard H, Saltin B, Neufer PD Workout induces transient transcriptional activation o.